THROMBIN
| THROMBIN (throm'bin) Thrombinar, Thrombostat Classifications: coagulator, hemostatic, topical; Therapeutic: coagulator; hemostatic Prototype: Aminocaproic acid Pregnancy Category: C |
Availability
1000, 5000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000 unit vials
Action
Plasma protein prepared from prothrombin of bovine origin. Induces clotting of whole blood or fibrinogen solution without addition of other substances.
Therapeutic Effect
Facilitates conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin resulting in clotting of whole blood.
Uses
When oozing of blood from capillaries and small venules is accessible, as in dental extraction, plastic surgery, grafting procedures, and epistaxis; also to shorten bleeding time at puncture sites in heparinized patient (i.e., following hemodialysis).
Contraindications
Known hypersensitivity to any of drug components or to material of bovine origin; parenteral use; entry or infiltration into large blood vessels; pregnancy (category C).
Cautious Use
Children and infants.
Route & Dosage
| Oozing Blood Adult: Topical 100–2000 NIH U/mL, depending on extent of bleeding, may be used as solution, in dry form, by mixing thrombin with blood plasma to form a fibrin "glue," or in conjunction with absorbable gelatin sponge |
Administration
Topical- Ensure that sponge recipient area is free of blood before applying thrombin.
- Prepare solutions in sterile distilled water or isotonic saline.
- Use solutions within a few hours of preparation. If several hours are to elapse between time of preparation and use, solution should be refrigerated, or preferably frozen, and used within 48 h.
- Store lyophilized preparation at 2°–8° C (36°–46° F).
Adverse Effects (≥1%)
Body as a Whole: Sensitivity, allergic and febrile reactions, intravascular clotting and death when thrombin is allowed to enter large blood vessels.Common adverse effects in italic, life-threatening effects underlined; generic names in bold; classifications in SMALL CAPS; 
Canadian drug name; 
Prototype drug